热压压力对B/Al复合材料组织结构及力学性能的影响

使用表面覆有B4C涂层的硼纤维，采用大气等离子喷涂法制备连续硼纤维增强铝基复合材料预制片，结合真空热压扩散焊制备了纤维均匀分布的B／Al复合材料。探讨在接近铝基体熔点温度的条件下热压压力对复合材料力学性能与B／Al界面结合的影响，分析了B／Al界面结合状态与断口形貌及力学性能之间的关系。研究表明：热压压力对制备的B／Al复合材料的纤维体积分数、B纤维与Al基体的界面结合状态和拉伸强度有显著的影响；纤维表面的B4c涂层有效地防止了B纤维与Al基体间的界面反应，在温度6500C、压力10MPa的条件下，制备的纤维体积分数为42％的B／Al复合材料拉伸强度达到968MPa，达到了纤维理想强度的77％。     

舱外航天服热控系统仿真

针对人体穿着航天服处于过热状态下的散热问题，在分别建立人体热调节系统、金属氢化物冷源和液冷服数学模型的基础上，将3个模型进行结合，对舱外航天服热控系统在5．5h的时间轴上进行综合的仿真计算，求出人体各节段的温度分布情况，液冷服的入口及出口水温，金属氢化物冷源的出口水温等参数，分析航天员的热舒适性，对航天服热控系统的设计有一定的指导作用，并为今后进一步的研究打下了基础．     

Effect of solar activity on the repetitiveness of some meteorological phenomena

In this paper we research the relationship between solar activity and the weather on Earth. This research is based on the assumption that every ejection of magnetic field energy and particles from the Sun (also known as Solar wind) has direct effects on the Earth’s weather. The impact of coronal holes and active regions on cold air advection (cold fronts, precipitation, and temperature decrease on the surface and higher layers) in the Belgrade region (Serbia) was analyzed. Some active regions and coronal holes appear to be in a geo-effective position nearly every 27 days, which is the duration of a solar rotation. A similar period of repetitiveness (27–29 days) of the passage of the cold front, and maximum and minimum temperatures measured at surface and at levels of 850 and 500 hPa were detected. We found that 10–12 days after Solar wind velocity starts significantly increasing, we could expect the passage of a cold front. After eight days, the maximum temperatures in the Belgrade region are measured, and it was found that their minimum values appear after 12–16 days. The maximum amount of precipitation occurs 14 days after Solar wind is observed. A recurring period of nearly 27 days of different phases of development for hurricanes Katrina, Rita and Wilma was found. This analysis confirmed that the intervals of time between two occurrences of some particular meteorological parameter correlate well with Solar wind and A index.     

Mg/Al合金粉末热压烧结中相变扩散过程研究

利用OLYMPUS GX71金相显微镜及EDS对Al-15％Mg热压烧结样品进行金相显微组织观察与成分分析,探讨烧结过程中组织演变过程。实验结果表明：热压烧结过程中两种粉体发生互扩散,首先在Mg颗粒边缘形成γ（Al12Mg17）相,而后随扩散的进行γ相转变为β（Al3Mg2）相,Mg颗粒由外向内不断的形成γ相,而后不断的转变为β相,直到全部生成β相。随温度的降低,β相会以极其细小的颗粒形式析出;利用真空热压烧结方法在420℃,150Mpa下保压3—4h进行固相烧结获得密度低于2．5g／cm^3致密度达98％以上的Al—15％Mg合金。     

冷原子喷泉的改进与应用

论述了冷原子喷泉的改进与应用,评述了冷原子喷泉二十年发展的进步,展望了冷原子喷泉研究和发展的前景。     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of In-situ Synthesized Al2O3/TiAl Composites

Al2O3 particle-reinforced TiAl composites are successfully reaction-synthesized from the powder mixture of Ti, Al, TiO2, and Nb2O5, using the hot pressing reaction synthesis technique. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the as-sintered products are investigated. It is found that in the as-sintered products consisting of γ-TiAl, α2-Ti3Al, Al2O3, and NbAl3 phases, the fine Al2O3 particles tend to disperse on the grain boundaries. With the Nb2O5 content increasing, the grains are remarkably refined and the Al2O3 particles are dispersing more uniformly in the TiAl matrix, forming a partial lamellar structure containing α and lamellar phases. The hardness of the in-situ composites increases gradually, and the bending strength and the fracture toughness of the as-sintered products reach the maximum value of 398.5 MPa and 6.99 MPa·m^1/2, respectively, as the Nb2O5 content increases to 6 wt%.     

置氢对TC21合金粉末物理性能和压制性能的影响

采用扫描电镜观察、粉末镶嵌试样、XRD和模压成形等方法,研究了置氢(H,wt%)对TC21合金粉末颗粒形貌、表面状态、显微组织、相组成、显微硬度和压制性能等的影响.结果表明:置氢TC21粉末颗粒形貌为不规则状,粉末主要由亮相α相及暗相β相组成,颗粒显微组织呈片状、α/β集束状和网篮状.随置氢量的增加,置氢TC21粉末显微硬度呈降低趋势;α相逐渐减少,β相逐渐增多,并且有少量的α"相生成;粉末的压缩性能呈先变差后变好的不明显变化趋势,成形性能先变差又逐渐变好,置氢量0.10 wt%,0.39 wt%TC21粉末压制性能较好,置氢量0.22 wt%的TC21粉末的压制性能最差.     

Impact of a novel hybrid accelerometer on satellite gravimetry performance

The state-of-the-art electrostatic accelerometers (EA) used for the retrieval of non-gravitational forces acting on a satellite constitute a core component of every dedicated gravity field mission. However, due to their difficult-to-control thermal drift in the low observation frequencies, they are also one of the most limiting factors of the achievable performance of gravity recovery. Recently, a hybrid accelerometer consisting of a regular EA and a novel cold atom interferometer (CAI) that features a time-invariant observation stability and constantly recalibrates the EA has been developed in order to remedy this major drawback. In this paper we aim to assess the value of the hybrid accelerometer for gravity field retrieval in the context of GRACE-type and Bender-type missions by means of numerical closed-loop simulations where possible noise specifications of the novel instrument are considered and different components of the Earth’s gravity field signal are added subsequently. It is shown that the quality of the gravity field solutions is mainly dependent on the CAI’s measurement accuracy. While a low CAI performance (10^?8 to 10^?9?m/s²/Hz^1/2) does not lead to any gains compared to a stand-alone EA, a sufficiently high one (10^?11?m/s²/Hz^1/2) may improve the retrieval performance by over one order of magnitude. We also show that improvements which are limited to low-frequency observations may even propagate into high spherical harmonic degrees. Further, the accelerometer performance seems to play a less prominent role if the overall observation geometry is improved as it is the case for a Bender-type mission. The impact of the accelerometer measurements diminishes further when temporal variations of the gravity field are introduced, pointing out the need for proper de-aliasing techniques. An additional study reveals that the hybrid accelerometer is – contrary to a stand-alone EA – widely unaffected by scale factor instabilities.     

基于ANSYS Workbench的压接修理民机液压管路振动特性分析

探究振动环境中管径为1/4 in的民机液压直管的最佳压接修理尺寸。首先，建立压接修理民机液压直管与流体的有限元模型，在ANSYS Workbench中对该模型进行有限元仿真分析得到其前6阶固有频率；然后，用三综合振动试验台对压接修理民机液压直管进行扫频振动试验，得到其前6阶固有频率，将试验结果平均值与仿真结果进行对比，结果误差较小且曲线拟合良好，验证了有限元仿真分析的合理性；最后，对压接修理民机液压管路进行受力分析，并以压制区域公差和压接长度为变量分别对压接修理民机液压直管进行固有频率、最大应力以及沿Y、Z轴方向的最大位移响应进行分析。结果表明：压制区域公差为4 mm、压接长度为39 mm时，管路的固有频率较大，应力及位移响应较小，此时，最大应力及位移响应集中分布于压接接头处，且与受力分析结果一致。     

含潜入喷管发动机尾部流场冷流模拟

为了揭示含潜入喷管的固体火箭发动机尾部流动特征,按照几何相近和气动相似原则设计了通道为矩形的二维冷流实验模型,利用相位多普勒粒子分析仪（ＰＤＰＡ）对燃烧室尾部气流的时均速度和湍流脉动速度进行了测量。实验结果表明气流在潜入喷管入口上发生分离,再附点位于喷管前端部外侧,背部空腔内形成一个较为稳定的回流区,流场的轴向和横向湍流强度都比较大。